Unpredictable weather variability, population pressure, and the breakdown of traditional land management systems, especially soil and water conservation practices have led to massive environmental degradation in the Konso and Borana areas of Ethiopia. The ecological deterioration is manifested in severe land, water, and vegetation degradation. In Konso, the deterioration of ancient agricultural terraces due to erratic rainfall and floods has aggravated the situation.
To address the situation, Konso Development Association (KDA) and ForAfrika partnered to initiate a livelihood improvement project that would restore degraded areas in Karat Zuria woreda area in Konso Zone. By May 2026, targeted households are expected to recover key livelihood assets, including 80 hectares of rangeland, watersheds, and water points and enhance household resilience. Key activities include rangeland and watershed restoration, seedling nursery development, scattering of grass and tree seeds uniformly over a large, open area and agricultural input distribution.
In woreda Sorobo Kebele, where watershed restoration was undertaken, the local community and woreda agriculture offices have jointly planned all the activities before implementation. These activities included establishing enclosures, soil and water conservation, reseeding degraded areas and conducting regular field monitoring by farmer training centre (FTC) experts.
Most of the rehabilitation activities at the watershed were carried out by members of Sorobo Youth Group. The group has a membership of 20, five women and 15 men. Elsa Kognoto joined the youth group in July 2025 when it was formed.
- Elsa Kognoto
Elsa dropped out of school at ninth grade due to lack of school fees and learning materials. Her situation worsened after her mother died, and as the firstborn, she has taken on her mother’s responsibilities. Her contribution to the restoration project was in the form of labour. Kognoto participated in planting indigenous trees and creating micro-basins. “There was no grass before rehabilitation work started. But now, change is there for all to see because the vegetation has thrived. We can fetch firewood and also grass for fodder and thatching,” she says, her face glowing.
Gonzebe Ganeme, 23 is also a member of the youth group. She is married and has one child. Like Elsa, she dropped out of school at grade five due to poverty. Her home is adjacent to the conservation site. In addition to helping create micro-basins, joining the fencing activities and tree planting, she also served chaka, a local drink, to those who were working on the site. Selling chaka is her source of income.
- Gonzebe Ganeme
Negash Regasa, aged 30, is the leader of the youth group. A diploma holder in Animal Production and a father of five children, he has inspired the youth to regenerate their ecosystem to great benefit. “As a group, we have been trained in soil and water conservation by the Department of Agriculture. We applied the skills we acquired during the training to rehabilitate the watershed. We are grateful to the KDA and ForAfrika for giving incentives to the youth, including provision of food while the youth worked on the site,” Ragasa says.
The Konso Development Association operates four nurseries supported by ForAfrika. The trees planted at the watershed were sourced from Gocha Kebele, one of the four nurseries. The nursery is teeming with fruit trees including avocado, orange, papaya and guava, which are provided free of charge along with cypress seedlings. Agriculture officers identify farmers who are willing to plant the trees and supply them with the seedlings.
Gizachewu Gilana, 38, is the nursery manager. A father of three children and a person living with disability, he left school in grade 10 but now leads a team of three men and two women at the nursery. Gilana has been working at the nursery for 10 years. “I have a disability, therefore this is an ideal job for me. My salary is 1,800 birr (USD11) per month,” he states. His work entails coordinating nursery activities, supervising workers, collaborating with stakeholders and mixing soil with manure.
He has a small piece of land measuring approximately 0.25 hectares on which he grows coffee, avocado, mango, cypress, moringa and other trees. He sources seedlings from his workplace.
Building economic self-reliance
To strengthen economic self-reliance, KDA and ForAfrika plan to support Sorobo Youth Group members in income-generating activities. “KDA plans to organise the youth and offer them livelihood training and thereafter give them modern beehives and also support them to engage in small enterprises. We will also encourage them to establish tree nurseries to enable them sell seedlings as a form of livelihood diversification,” states Kussito Karka, KDA monitoring, evaluation, accountability and learning officer and ForAfrika focal person.
Environmental degradation has led to declining farmland productivity, made worse by erratic rainfall. As a result, many young people have turned to off-farm work, while repeated crop failures have pushed some family members to migrate temporarily to towns in southern Ethiopia in search of jobs.
With fewer people available to work the land, many soil and water conservation structures have been left without maintenance.
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